Exploring Self-compassion and Empathy in the Context of Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction (MBSR)

Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) programmes have demonstrated benefi cial outcomes in a variety of populations. Self-compassion and empathy have theoretical connections to mindfulness, the key element of the MBSR programme; however, previous studies examining the programme’s impact on self-compassion or empathy have demonstrated mixed results. This study examined the impact of MBSR on self-compassion and empathy, as well as on mindfulness, symptoms of stress, mood disturbance and spirituality in a community sample. Signifi cant reductions in symptoms of stress and mood disturbance, as well as increases in mindfulness, spirituality and selfcompassion were observed after programme participation. With regards to empathy, a signifi cant increase was seen in perspective taking and a signifi cant decrease in personal distress; no signifi cant change was observed for empathic concern. Changes in self-compassion were predicted by changes in mindfulness. Self-compassion and aspects of empathy revealed strong associations with psychological functioning. Implications of MBSR as an intervention for enhancing self-compassion and empathy are discussed. Copyright  2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Received 23 June 2009; Accepted 15 December 2009; Revised 4 October 2009